What user lifecycle management software actually does
User lifecycle management software automates the three moments that decide whether your access is correct: when someone joins, when they move, and when they leave. The trigger is an HR system or an identity provider; the output, if the tool is built right, is a signed audit trail you can hand an auditor.
The category gets called a few things: IGA, identity lifecycle, joiner-mover-leaver, SaaS lifecycle. The labels matter less than the job. The job is correct access, no ghost accounts, and evidence on demand.
This guide is written for the IT operator at a 100-500-employee company, often a team of one or two, no dedicated identity engineer, a stack of Google Workspace or Microsoft 365 plus Slack, GitHub, and a grab-bag of SaaS. If that is you, half the tools below are built for someone else.